Equipment ****************************************************************************************** * ****************************************************************************************** 1.The high-performance Oxygraph-2k respirometer (OROBOROS) allows the measurement of mitoc function (biotransformation energy pathways, respiratory complex activities) by measurin consumption using appropriate specific substrates, expanders and inhibitors. Mitochondri can be measured in isolated mitochondria, tissue homogenates, intact and permeabilized c 2.The Agilent Seahorse XFe96 is a dedicated instrument that simultaneously measures key pa mitochondrial respiration (oxygen consumption rates = OCR) and glycolysis (extracellular rates = ECAR) in living cells, enabling systematic characterization of their metabolic f Samples are analyzed in a 96-well microtiter plate format and measurements are performed optical principle with LEDs and optical sensors.